TY - GEN
T1 - Occupational therapy lifestyle intervention REVEAL(OT) added to multidisciplinary chronic pain treatment at a Danish pain centre
AU - Nielsen, Svetlana Solgaard
PY - 2022/2/28
Y1 - 2022/2/28
N2 - Introduction: Interventions addressing daily activities and lifestyle seem relevant for people living with chronic pain. Previous research showed that occupational therapy lifestyle management could benefit the chronic pain population. However, its effectiveness needs further investigation. Occupational therapy intervention REVEAL(OT) - Redesign your EVEryday Activities and Lifestyle with Occupational Therapy - targeting meaningful activities, daily physical activity and eating habits (Clinicaltrials.gov reg. NCT03903900) was developed as an add-on to multidisciplinary cognitivebehavioural therapy-based treatment at a Danish pain centre. No occupational therapy lifestyle management was previously included in the current treatment. Before initiating a full-scale randomised controlled trial (RCT), the intervention for feasibility.Objectives: Based on knowledge derived from the development and feasibility evaluation process
of the occupational therapy lifestyle intervention REVEAL(OT) added to standard multidisciplinary
chronic pain treatment, this Ph.D.-project aimed to prepare an RCT that would investigate in the
intervention effectiveness. Besides the presentation and methodological discussion of the research
process represented in four scientifical studies, this Ph.D.-thesis attempted to set the REVEAL(OT)
intervention in a broader perspective of non-pharmacological chronic pain treatment. Methods: The REVEAL(OT) development and evaluation process followed the Medical Research
Council (MRC) recommendations allowing a multifactorial iterative approach to intervention
development and conduct. The research complied with the principles of The World Medical
Association’s (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki.
In the intervention development phase, a systematic review with a meta-analysis investigated the
effect of interventions including occupational engagement on lifestyle factors. In a survey, the
associations between quality of life, health, pain, and lifestyle factors in the target population was
investigated, inclusive motivation for initiating lifestyle changes as a part of chronic pain treatment.
A qualitative mid-term evaluation with eight outpatients and four clinicians involved in the
REVEAL(OT) using focus group methodology gained in-depth opinions on their participation derived
from the data-driven thematical analysis and inspired to further intervention improvement.
In total, the REVEAL(OT) went through three feasibility rounds between January 2019 and June 2021
and included eight groups (40 adults, 85.0% females, 46.6±10.9 (23-64) years old, average pain
duration = 10 (9.3) years). Structural adjustments between the feasibility rounds reflected the outpatients and clinicians’ feedback. Primary outcomes were predefined research progression criteria
based on “the traffic light” system (the red-amber-green method), including recruitment rate,
participant retention, program adherence, assessment procedure acceptance, patients’ selfperceived relevance, timing, and mode of delivery, adverse and the fidelity of delivery. No
comparator or blinding was applied. Secondary outcomes included were self-reported health-related
quality of life (EQ-5D-5L, HRQoL) and occupational performance and satisfaction (The Canadian
Occupational Performance Measure, COPM). Results: Research progression criteria for feasibility regarding program adherence; patients’ selfperceived relevance, timing, and mode of delivery; assessment procedure acceptance; and adverse
events were overall feasible. Recruitment rate, participant retention and fidelity of delivery needed
to be optimised before a randomised controlled trial. We found no improvement in HRQoL, mean =
.04 (SD .16; 95% CI -.03; .12) assessed in 23 pre-post reports but significant change in the COPM
scores, mean occupational performance = 1.80 (SD 1.44; 95% CI 1.25; 2.35) and mean satisfaction
with occupational performance =1.95 (SD 2.34; 95% CI 1.06; 2.84), assessed in 29 pre-post reports.
The recommended COPM cut-off for minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was 13.8% and
24.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Occupational engagement included in chronic pain interventions can support lifestyle
improvements in adults. Interventions targeting pain, sleep, lifestyle and daily activities are needed
to improve quality of life and health in people living with chronic pain. The REVEAL(OT) added to the
multidisciplinary chronic pain treatment strengthened acceptance of living with chronic pain in adult
chronic pain patients and empowered them for initiating lifestyle changes. The REVEAL(OT)
satisfactory fulfilled its research progression criteria regarding programme adherence; patients’ selfperceived relevance, timing, and mode of delivery; assessment procedure acceptance; and adverse
events, and thus was overall feasible. However, the recruitment, participant retention and delivery
strategy of the REVEAL(OT) programme need optimisation before initiating an RCT. Improved
interdisciplinary treatment delivery context will benefit the intervention feasibility
AB - Introduction: Interventions addressing daily activities and lifestyle seem relevant for people living with chronic pain. Previous research showed that occupational therapy lifestyle management could benefit the chronic pain population. However, its effectiveness needs further investigation. Occupational therapy intervention REVEAL(OT) - Redesign your EVEryday Activities and Lifestyle with Occupational Therapy - targeting meaningful activities, daily physical activity and eating habits (Clinicaltrials.gov reg. NCT03903900) was developed as an add-on to multidisciplinary cognitivebehavioural therapy-based treatment at a Danish pain centre. No occupational therapy lifestyle management was previously included in the current treatment. Before initiating a full-scale randomised controlled trial (RCT), the intervention for feasibility.Objectives: Based on knowledge derived from the development and feasibility evaluation process
of the occupational therapy lifestyle intervention REVEAL(OT) added to standard multidisciplinary
chronic pain treatment, this Ph.D.-project aimed to prepare an RCT that would investigate in the
intervention effectiveness. Besides the presentation and methodological discussion of the research
process represented in four scientifical studies, this Ph.D.-thesis attempted to set the REVEAL(OT)
intervention in a broader perspective of non-pharmacological chronic pain treatment. Methods: The REVEAL(OT) development and evaluation process followed the Medical Research
Council (MRC) recommendations allowing a multifactorial iterative approach to intervention
development and conduct. The research complied with the principles of The World Medical
Association’s (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki.
In the intervention development phase, a systematic review with a meta-analysis investigated the
effect of interventions including occupational engagement on lifestyle factors. In a survey, the
associations between quality of life, health, pain, and lifestyle factors in the target population was
investigated, inclusive motivation for initiating lifestyle changes as a part of chronic pain treatment.
A qualitative mid-term evaluation with eight outpatients and four clinicians involved in the
REVEAL(OT) using focus group methodology gained in-depth opinions on their participation derived
from the data-driven thematical analysis and inspired to further intervention improvement.
In total, the REVEAL(OT) went through three feasibility rounds between January 2019 and June 2021
and included eight groups (40 adults, 85.0% females, 46.6±10.9 (23-64) years old, average pain
duration = 10 (9.3) years). Structural adjustments between the feasibility rounds reflected the outpatients and clinicians’ feedback. Primary outcomes were predefined research progression criteria
based on “the traffic light” system (the red-amber-green method), including recruitment rate,
participant retention, program adherence, assessment procedure acceptance, patients’ selfperceived relevance, timing, and mode of delivery, adverse and the fidelity of delivery. No
comparator or blinding was applied. Secondary outcomes included were self-reported health-related
quality of life (EQ-5D-5L, HRQoL) and occupational performance and satisfaction (The Canadian
Occupational Performance Measure, COPM). Results: Research progression criteria for feasibility regarding program adherence; patients’ selfperceived relevance, timing, and mode of delivery; assessment procedure acceptance; and adverse
events were overall feasible. Recruitment rate, participant retention and fidelity of delivery needed
to be optimised before a randomised controlled trial. We found no improvement in HRQoL, mean =
.04 (SD .16; 95% CI -.03; .12) assessed in 23 pre-post reports but significant change in the COPM
scores, mean occupational performance = 1.80 (SD 1.44; 95% CI 1.25; 2.35) and mean satisfaction
with occupational performance =1.95 (SD 2.34; 95% CI 1.06; 2.84), assessed in 29 pre-post reports.
The recommended COPM cut-off for minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was 13.8% and
24.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Occupational engagement included in chronic pain interventions can support lifestyle
improvements in adults. Interventions targeting pain, sleep, lifestyle and daily activities are needed
to improve quality of life and health in people living with chronic pain. The REVEAL(OT) added to the
multidisciplinary chronic pain treatment strengthened acceptance of living with chronic pain in adult
chronic pain patients and empowered them for initiating lifestyle changes. The REVEAL(OT)
satisfactory fulfilled its research progression criteria regarding programme adherence; patients’ selfperceived relevance, timing, and mode of delivery; assessment procedure acceptance; and adverse
events, and thus was overall feasible. However, the recruitment, participant retention and delivery
strategy of the REVEAL(OT) programme need optimisation before initiating an RCT. Improved
interdisciplinary treatment delivery context will benefit the intervention feasibility
U2 - 10.21996/p85n-hg27
DO - 10.21996/p85n-hg27
M3 - Ph.D. thesis
PB - Syddansk Universitet. Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet
ER -