Nature, Nurture, and Cancer Risks: Genetic and Nutritional Contributions to Cancer

Evropi Theodoratou, Maria Timofeeva, Xue Li, Xiangrui Meng, John P.A. Ioannidis

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelForskningpeer review

Abstract

It is speculated that genetic variants are associated with differential responses to nutrients (known as gene-diet interactions) and that these variations may be linked to different cancer risks. In this review, we critically evaluate the evidence across 314 meta-analyses of observational studies and randomized controlled trials of dietary risk factors and the five most common cancers (breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, and stomach). We also critically evaluate the evidence across 13 meta-analyses of observational studies of gene-diet interactions for the same cancers. Convincing evidence for association was found only for the intake of alcohol and whole grains in relation to colorectal cancer risk. Three nutrient associations had highly suggestive evidence and another 15 associations had suggestive evidence. Among the examined gene-diet interactions, only one had moderately strong evidence.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftAnnual Review of Nutrition
Vol/bind37
Sider (fra-til)293-320
ISSN0199-9885
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 21. aug. 2017
Udgivet eksterntJa

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge support from program grant no. C348/A18927 from Cancer Research UK. E.T. has a Career Development Fellowship from Cancer Research UK (grant no. C31250/A22804). X.L. and X.M. are supported by the China Scholarship Council and The University of Edinburgh.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 by Annual Reviews.

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