TY - JOUR
T1 - High-intensity interval training combining rowing and cycling improves but does not restore beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes
AU - Houborg Petersen, Maria
AU - Stidsen, Jacob Volmer
AU - Eisemann de Almeida, Martin
AU - Kleis Wentorf, Emil
AU - Jensen, Kurt
AU - Ørtenblad, Niels
AU - Højlund, Kurt
PY - 2024/4/12
Y1 - 2024/4/12
N2 - AIM: We investigated whether a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol could restore beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes compared with sedentary obese and lean individuals.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In patients with type 2 diabetes, and age-matched, glucose-tolerant obese and lean controls, we examined the effect of 8 weeks of supervised HIIT combining rowing and cycling on the acute (first-phase) and second-phase insulin responses, beta-cell function adjusted for insulin sensitivity (disposition index), and serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels using the Botnia clamp (1-h IVGTT followed by 3-h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp).RESULTS: At baseline, patients with type 2 diabetes had reduced insulin sensitivity (~40%), acute insulin secretion (~13-fold), and disposition index (>35-fold), whereas insulin-suppressed serum FFA was higher (⁓2.5-fold) compared with controls (all P < 0.05). The HIIT protocol increased insulin sensitivity in all groups (all P < 0.01). In patients with type 2 diabetes, this was accompanied by a large (>200%) but variable improvement in the disposition index (P < 0.05). Whereas insulin sensitivity improved to the degree seen in controls at baseline, the disposition index remained markedly lower in patients with type 2 diabetes after HIIT (all P < 0.001). In controls, HIIT increased the disposition index by ~20-30% (all P < 0.05). In all groups, the second-phase insulin responses and insulin-suppressed FFA levels were reduced in response to HIIT (all P < 0.05). No group differences were seen in these HIIT-induced responses.CONCLUSION: HIIT combining rowing and cycling induced a large but variable increase in beta-cell function adjusted for insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes, but the disposition index remained severely impaired compared to controls, suggesting that this defect is less reversible in response to exercise training than insulin resistance.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03500016).
AB - AIM: We investigated whether a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol could restore beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes compared with sedentary obese and lean individuals.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In patients with type 2 diabetes, and age-matched, glucose-tolerant obese and lean controls, we examined the effect of 8 weeks of supervised HIIT combining rowing and cycling on the acute (first-phase) and second-phase insulin responses, beta-cell function adjusted for insulin sensitivity (disposition index), and serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels using the Botnia clamp (1-h IVGTT followed by 3-h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp).RESULTS: At baseline, patients with type 2 diabetes had reduced insulin sensitivity (~40%), acute insulin secretion (~13-fold), and disposition index (>35-fold), whereas insulin-suppressed serum FFA was higher (⁓2.5-fold) compared with controls (all P < 0.05). The HIIT protocol increased insulin sensitivity in all groups (all P < 0.01). In patients with type 2 diabetes, this was accompanied by a large (>200%) but variable improvement in the disposition index (P < 0.05). Whereas insulin sensitivity improved to the degree seen in controls at baseline, the disposition index remained markedly lower in patients with type 2 diabetes after HIIT (all P < 0.001). In controls, HIIT increased the disposition index by ~20-30% (all P < 0.05). In all groups, the second-phase insulin responses and insulin-suppressed FFA levels were reduced in response to HIIT (all P < 0.05). No group differences were seen in these HIIT-induced responses.CONCLUSION: HIIT combining rowing and cycling induced a large but variable increase in beta-cell function adjusted for insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes, but the disposition index remained severely impaired compared to controls, suggesting that this defect is less reversible in response to exercise training than insulin resistance.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03500016).
KW - beta-cell function
KW - botnia clamp (intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp)
KW - high-intensity interval training (HIIT)
KW - obesity
KW - type 2 diabetes
U2 - 10.1530/EC-23-0558
DO - 10.1530/EC-23-0558
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38513367
SN - 2049-3614
VL - 13
JO - Endocrine Connections
JF - Endocrine Connections
IS - 5
M1 - e230558
ER -