TY - JOUR
T1 - Development of antibody levels and subsequent decline in individuals with vaccine induced and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2
AU - Reekie, Joanne
AU - Stovring, Henrik
AU - Nielsen, Henrik
AU - Johansen, Isik S
AU - Benfield, Thomas
AU - Wiese, Lothar
AU - Stærke, Nina Breinholt
AU - Iversen, Kasper
AU - Mustafa, Ahmed Basim
AU - Petersen, Kristine Toft
AU - Juhl, Maria Ruwald
AU - Knudsen, Lene Surland
AU - Iversen, Mette Brouw
AU - Andersen, Sidsel Dahl
AU - Larsen, Fredrikke Dam
AU - Baerends, Eva Anna Marianne
AU - Lindvig, Susan Olaf
AU - Rasmussen, Line Dahlerup
AU - Madsen, Lone Wulff
AU - Bannister, Wendy
AU - Jensen, Tomas Oestergaard
AU - Dietz, Lisa Loksø
AU - Ostrowski, Sisse Rye
AU - Østergaard, Lars
AU - Tolstrup, Martin
AU - Lundgren, Jens D
AU - Søgaard, Ole Schmeltz
AU - ENFORCE Study Group
PY - 2024/9
Y1 - 2024/9
N2 - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare antibody trajectories among individuals with SARS-CoV-2 hybrid and vaccine-induced immunity.METHODS: Danish adults receiving three doses of BTN162b2 or mRNA-1237 were included prior to first vaccination (Day0). SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG levels were assessed before each vaccine dose, at Day90, Day180, 28 days after 3
rd vaccination (Day251), Day365, and prior to 4
th vaccination (Day535). SARS-CoV-2 PCR results were extracted from the national microbiology database. Mixed-effect multivariable linear regression investigated the impact of hybrid-immunity (stratified into 4 groups: no hybrid immunity, PCR+ prior to 3
rd dose, PCR+ after 3
rd dose and before Day365, PCR+ after Day365) on anti-spike IgG trajectories.
RESULTS: 4,936 individuals were included, 47% developed hybrid-immunity. Anti-spike IgG increases were observed in all groups at Day251, with the highest levels in those PCR+ prior to 3
rd dose (Geometric Mean; 535,647AU/mL vs. 374,665AU/mL with no hybrid-immunity, p=<0.0001). Further increases were observed in participants who developed hybrid immunity after their 3
rd dose. Anti-spike IgG levels declined from Day 251-535 in individuals without hybrid-immunity and in those who developed hybrid-immunity prior to their 3
rd dose, with lower rate of decline in those with hybrid-immunity.
CONCLUSION: Hybrid-immunity results in higher and more durable antibody trajectories in vaccinated individuals.
AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare antibody trajectories among individuals with SARS-CoV-2 hybrid and vaccine-induced immunity.METHODS: Danish adults receiving three doses of BTN162b2 or mRNA-1237 were included prior to first vaccination (Day0). SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG levels were assessed before each vaccine dose, at Day90, Day180, 28 days after 3
rd vaccination (Day251), Day365, and prior to 4
th vaccination (Day535). SARS-CoV-2 PCR results were extracted from the national microbiology database. Mixed-effect multivariable linear regression investigated the impact of hybrid-immunity (stratified into 4 groups: no hybrid immunity, PCR+ prior to 3
rd dose, PCR+ after 3
rd dose and before Day365, PCR+ after Day365) on anti-spike IgG trajectories.
RESULTS: 4,936 individuals were included, 47% developed hybrid-immunity. Anti-spike IgG increases were observed in all groups at Day251, with the highest levels in those PCR+ prior to 3
rd dose (Geometric Mean; 535,647AU/mL vs. 374,665AU/mL with no hybrid-immunity, p=<0.0001). Further increases were observed in participants who developed hybrid immunity after their 3
rd dose. Anti-spike IgG levels declined from Day 251-535 in individuals without hybrid-immunity and in those who developed hybrid-immunity prior to their 3
rd dose, with lower rate of decline in those with hybrid-immunity.
CONCLUSION: Hybrid-immunity results in higher and more durable antibody trajectories in vaccinated individuals.
KW - Anti-spike IgG
KW - Hybrid immunity
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Vaccines
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107111
DO - 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107111
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38801970
SN - 1201-9712
VL - 146
JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
M1 - 107111
ER -